Step-by-Step Calculation Overview
1. Energy Costs (per kWh)
Assumed average energy prices:
Energy Source | Cost per kWh |
Gas | €0.10 |
Oil | €0.12 |
Pellets | €0.07 |
District Heating | €0.09 |
Electricity | €0.28 |
2. Energy Consumption Comparison
Modern heat pumps are highly efficient. On average, they deliver 3.5 kWh of heat for every 1 kWh of electricity consumed. This efficiency is described by the Seasonal Performance Factor (SPF or JAZ in German).
Example Calculation:
Your current heating system consumes 20,000 kWh/year (based on gas, oil, etc.).
With a heat pump (SPF = 3.5), your new electricity consumption would be:
20,000 kWh / 3.5 = 5,714 kWh electricity/year.
3. Cost Comparison Example (Gas → Heat Pump)
Parameter | Value |
Current system: Gas | 20,000 kWh × €0.10 = €2,000/year |
Heat pump electricity use | 5,714 kWh × €0.28 = €1,600/year |
Annual savings | €400 |
🌍 CO₂ Emissions Comparison
Energy Source | CO₂ Emissions (g/kWh) |
Gas | 250 g |
Oil | 330 g |
Pellets | 30 g |
District Heating | 480 g |
Electricity (mix) | 400 g |
Green electricity | 50 g |
Example:
Gas: 20,000 kWh × 250 g = 5,000 kg CO₂/year
Heat pump with green electricity: 5,714 kWh × 50 g = 286 kg CO₂/year
CO₂ reduction: ~4.7 tons/year
Summary
By switching from a gas heating system to a heat pump:
You could save €400 per year (in this example)
You could reduce your CO₂ emissions by over 90%
Savings and emissions vary based on energy prices, building efficiency, and electricity source